Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 55 Factors Affecting Cognitive Function in Epilepsy 56 Non-seizure related factors that affect cognition Developmental, neurological, psychiatric and medical disorders • Learning Disabilities • Developmental Disabilities • Mental Retardation 57 Non-seizure related factors that affect cognition Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018 Mar 2;3(3):CD009728. Hjorth MF, Sørensen LB, Andersen R, Dyssegaard CB, Ritz C, Tetens I, Michaelsen KF, Astrup A, Egelund N, Sjödin A. Physiol Behav. It affects many aspects of thought, perception and understanding. Smoking 3. Increasing age 2. 2008 Oct;9(1):1-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01034.x. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Lifestyle factors, such as inactivity and obesity, contribute to cognitive decline in the general population, but little is known about how these factors may affect individuals with a chronic inflammatory condition such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The brain is a muscle that must be exercised and used in order to achieve its maximum level of... Cognitive Load. Cognitive Performance Factors Task Difficulty. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. 2008;14:247–254. Although seizures, obstructive sleep apnea, early menopause, and increased risk of developing the dementia of Alzheimer disease can certainly impact cognitive function, other frequent attendant systemic -medical conditions, can also impact cognitive function. For example, using a 2020 Jan 10;10(1):31. doi: 10.3390/bs10010031. Loeber S(1), Nakovics H, Kniest A, Kiefer F, Mann K, Croissant B. Cognitive functioning was assessed through a neuropsychological test-battery. Social factors showed no clear association with different scores, however, being raised in a higher socioeconomic class correlated with higher cognitive function scores. Numerou… The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of cognitive function damage in chronic schizophrenia patients with metabolic syndrome (MS); 388 patients were divided into two groups: MS group (180 people with schizophrenia and MS) and non-MS group (208 people with schizophrenia but without MS). Rev. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Rev. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. RESEARCH ARTICLE Cognitive and physical factors affecting daily function in Alzheimer’s disease: A cross-sectional analysis Fang Yu PhD, RN, GNP-BC, FGSA, FAAN1 | Yan Chen MSN, RN2 | Michelle A. Mathiason MS1 | Qiaoqin Wan PhD, RN3 | Feng V. Lin PhD, RN4 1School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA These are mostly controllable. The process of learning is a complex construct that can be described as a series of engagement in processing and information-storing/memory systems that ultimately result in knowledge. Cognitive disorders are disorders that affect the functioning of the brain. doi: 10.1017/S0954422409990175. Dementia is a major public health issue worldwide, with a serious burden for patients, caregivers, and society, as well as substantial economic impacts (1). By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures. J. Exp. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of different aspects of physical performance and cognitive functions on ADL in patients suffering from mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. biological ability and readiness to learn through modi fication of lifestyle factors and the environment. child nutrition; cognitive function; diet; diversity; executive function; focus and concentration; hunger; learning; physical activity; socio-economic characteristics. Psychol. If conditions are not optimal, the child experiences lower levels of alertness, or wariness, thus decreases attention to any input from the environment. In today's research environment, children's diet, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors are commonly studied in the context of health, independent of their effect on cognition and learning.  |  Therefore, understanding the modifiable risk factors and developing evidence-based interventions for delaying or preventing cognitive impairment is an important challenge. Donnelly JE, Hillman CH, Castelli D, Etnier JL, Lee S, Tomporowski P, Lambourne K, Szabo-Reed AN. Stimulant drugs, like nicotine and amphetamine, improve cognitive function at lower doses but impair memory performance at higher doses. Environmental factors. One of the most basic conditions for a child to be able to complete these tasks is having the necessary energy and no inhibiting factors of discomfort (e.g., hunger, fatigue). 2009;22:220–243. Epub 2016 Aug 26. Would you like email updates of new search results? The inner-most circle represents the child’s own body, where physiological conditions, such as the nutrients and energy provided from meals and snacks, as well as the resulting feelings of hunger or tiredness, may directly influence the ability for cognitive processes. It does not necessarily mean that a person is feeling anxious, sad, depressed, or emotionally distraught. In this study, 377 older adults (mean age: 74.71 ± 6.15 years) were examined.  |  Keywords: Atkinson R., Shiffrin R. Human Memory: A Proposed System and its Control Processes. Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? The outer-most circle represents the child’s larger environment, such as the home and the school. Objective. Possible Factors Affecting the Association Between CSF α-Synuclein Level and Cognitive Function Role of Change in the Dynamics of CSF α-Synuclein Over Time. Thus, WM capacity will be restricted, limiting what information is eventually encoded and retained in long-term memory, from where it can be retrieved at a later time. Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight. Environmental factors that might explain this increase have been explored. Epub 2008 Oct 1. Possible influential factors of cognitive function were also detected. 2016 Oct 15;165:398-404. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.08.021. Depressant drugs, like alcohol, can cause long-term effects on prefrontal cortex function, disrupting cognitive abilities. Normal weight children have higher cognitive performance - Independent of physical activity, sleep, and diet. Environmental factors are the external influences that affect cognitive development. The following independent variables were included in the logistic regression analysis: age, gender, education level, residency, smoking habit, musculoskeletal pain, medication use, number of unhealthy mental days, number of unhealthy physical days, and activity limitation days. Psychol. General health can also determine the pace at which a person develops cognitive elements. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Factors Affecting Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Turkish Sample. Lack of physical exercise 8. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. How Lifestyle Factors Affect Cognitive and Executive Function and the Ability to Learn in Children Nutrients . Psychol. We conducted secondary analyses on cross-sectional baseline data … Physical Activity, Fitness, Cognitive Function, and Academic Achievement in Children: A Systematic Review. Nutr. Author information: (1)Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 2, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. Environmental enrichment can strongly affect a child's cognitive development. Information processing models of cognition. The literature review demonstrates that the associations and causal relationships between these factors are vastly understudied. As a result, current knowledge on predictors of optimal cognition and learning is incomplete, and likely lacks understanding of many critical facts and relationships, their interactions, and the nature of their relationships, such as there being mediating or confounding factors that could provide important knowledge to increase the efficacy of learning-focused interventions. The strongest risk factors for MCI are: 1. Although basic research in cells or animal studies are available and indicate a number of possible physiological pathways, inclusion of those data would distract from the fact that there is a significant gap in knowledge on lifestyle factors and optimal learning in children. Results: We found that the duration of opiate dependence and maintenance treatment, as well as additional substance consumption (alcohol, amphetamines, and cocaine) are the main variables contributing to cognitive impairment in the domains of attention and executive function. Contributors to children’s cognitive, learning, and other developmental outcomes are described in this ecological model. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ps.30.020179.002051. These factors serve to modulate performance such that it may improve or decline. Depression 7. Simon H.A. The Hodkinson Abbreviated Mental Test (HAMT) was used to describe cognitive function of the individuals. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Treatment Emergent … The findings also indicate that the following variables were found to significantly affect cognitive function: (1) age, (2) residency (rest home), (3) smoking (yes or quit), and (4) number of unhealthy mental days. Appl. “Potentially modifiable lifestyle factors such as inactivity and obesity are risk factors for cognitive decline in the general population,” reported the researchers, whose findings appeared in ACR Open Rheumatology. The Effect of Eating Habits' Quality on Scholastic Performance in Turkish Adolescents. A systematic review of the effect of breakfast on the cognitive performance of children and adolescents. This thematic review provides an overview of knowledge connecting the selected lifestyle factors of diet, physical activity, and sleep hygiene to children's cognition and learning. “However, little is known about how these factors may contribute in the setting of a chronic inflammatory condition such as RA, although one study in systemic lupus erythematosus … Although the prevalence of late-life cognitive impairment and dementia are expected to increase in future, effective disease-modifying treatments are currently unavailable. 2018 Jan 29;1(1):CD009728. Common factor models have suggested that a number of different factors including speed of processing, working memory, inhibition, or sensory function may be responsible for cognitive decline observed across a variety of different tasks. Learn. The findings also indicate that the following variables were found to significantly affect cognitive function: (1) age, (2) residency (rest home), (3) smoking (yes or quit), and (4) number of unhealthy mental days. 2019 Aug 20;11(8):1953. doi: 10.3390/nu11081953. Neglecting Practice. “Cognitive function” is the technical word for how the brain processes information. These factors involve cognitive functions like attention, memory, and reasoning (Danili & Reid, 2006 ). doi: 10.1037/a0012736. One such factor may be audiovisual media exposure during early childhood. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Finally, lifestyle choices and behaviors have a significant impact on health status in general and cognitive performance in particular. Cognitive function is profoundly affected by unbalanced levels of hormones such as estrogen, thyroid and pituitary hormones, and cortisol. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL-4) survey tool was used to measure the quality of life. Obesity 6. By varying estimates, it has increased by 30% in the past 20 years. Parents interested in increasing their children's intellectual capacities should expose their babies to a variety of toys and stimuli including blocks, play letters, books and dolls. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub3. -, Hoyland A., Dye L., Lawton C.L. This review provides information focused on studies in children. The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article. The results indicated that the elderly with cognitive impairment showed low scores in terms of the three parameters of the CDC HRQOL-4. Motiv. Because cognitive function is affected by various factors and changes over time, it can be concluded that a cohort study to investigate cognitive function and the factors affecting it would be more effective than a cross-sectional study. 1979;30:363–396. Hertzog C, Kramer AF, Wilson RS, Lindenberger U. Psychol Sci Public Interest. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub4.  |  Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Among the five cross-sectional results showing that lower CSF α-synuclein was associated with worse cognitive function, four showed an association with frontal/executive function . Economic factors affect cognitive development in children. Martin A, Booth JN, Laird Y, Sproule J, Reilly JJ, Saunders DH. -, Kemps E., Tiggemann M., Grigg M. Food cravings consume limited cognitive resources. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Cognitive factors refer to characteristics of the person that affect performance and learning. See this image and copyright information in PMC. They include: Economic factors. Moreover, there is little overlap between the two literatures, although it is reasonable to expect that the lifestyle factors explored in the health-focused research are intertwined with cognition and learning processes. Kristo AS, Gültekin B, Öztağ M, Sikalidis AK. Research from studies of diet and nutrition, physical activity and fitness, sleep, and broader influences of cultural and socioeconomic factors related to health and learning, were summarized to offer examples of research that integrate … 2016 Jun;48(6):1197-222. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000901. USA.gov. -. A dearth of differential research exists regarding the determinants of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and moderate cognitive impairment or dementia among nursing home residents. The authors received no financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article. Having a specific form of a gene known as APOE-e4, also linked to Alzheimer's disease — though having the gene doesn't guarantee that you'll experience cognitive declineOther medical conditions and lifestyle factors have been linked to an increased risk of cognitive change, including: 1. While mild dehydration appears to affect mainly cognitive performance in men, in this study, women demonstrated little impact on cognitive functions and greater effects on mood. NIH An example of the process involved in learning and potential impacts of nutrition, based on Information Processing Theory. They usually result from the loss of brain cells. Copyright © 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijge.2013.01.002. Several factors may play a role in the ability of patients with Alzheimer’s disease to perform activities of daily living (ADL). High blood pressure 4. Pseudobulbar affect is common in ALS and is the result of a brain reflex that is no longer working correctly. Annu. KL2 TR003016/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States. The purpose of this study was to determine the influential factors of cognitive function in older adults. Older adults should be assessed in terms of factors related to cognition, such as age, residency, smoking, and mood in order to plan the most suitable geriatric care. Factors affecting cognitive function of opiate-dependent patients. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine . Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is now among the most commonly diagnosed chronic psychological dysfunctions of childhood. HHS Behav Sci (Basel). Based on the well-established relationships between diet and physical functions, it stands to reason that diet and PA also affect cognitive function, or how well a person can learn. National Academies Press; Washington, DC, USA: 2018. Socioeconomic factors have a substantial effect on access to basic resources, such as an area to play and be active, the noise level at bed time, and the familial established routines and practices. Research from studies of diet and nutrition, physical activity and fitness, sleep, and broader influences of cultural and socioeconomic factors related to health and learning, were summarized to offer examples of research that integrate lifestyle factors and cognition with learning. Elevated cholesterol 5. As the brain cells begin to deteriorate, the affected person begins to lose their memory. The lifestyle factors affecting the child’s physiology are dietary intake, physical activity, and sleeping habits. People with ALS can have pseudobulbar affect and no other cognitive, behavioral, or psychological symptoms. Likewise, the school’s resources, for instance playgrounds and green space, as well as routines and practices, affect the child’s lifestyle behaviors. There are many types of cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, and dementia. Although affect can be harmful if it is unregulated or unchecked, our affective experiences normally help us to function efficiently and in a way that increases our chances of survival. Res. This thematic review provides an overview of knowledge connecting the selected lifestyle factors of diet, physical activity, and sleep hygiene to children’s cognition and learning. 1968;2:89–195. Self-reported bad sleep quality and sleep apnea were also associated with lower cognitive function scores. 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